In his encyclical Rerum Novarum (1891), he states that socialism is 'contrary to the natural rights of humanity.'
Pope Leo XIII had a critical stance toward socialism, especially that which proposed eliminating private property and the family as an institution. In his encyclical, he criticized socialist tenets that he considered harmful to society and human dignity.
The then Pope also maintained that private property was a natural and essential right of human beings, and that its respect was essential for social development and the dignity of individuals.
"It is evident that the essential principle of socialism, the community of goods, must be completely rejected, as it only harms those it would seem to benefit, is directly contrary to the natural rights of humanity, and would introduce confusion and disorder into the common good," can be read in his encyclical Rerum Novarum.
He adds: "Therefore, the first and most essential principle, if the condition of the masses is to be alleviated, must be the inviolability of private property. With this established, we proceed to show where the sought remedy must be found."
This way, the choice of the name "Leo" by Robert Francis Prevost, based on Leo XIII, is not mere coincidence, but a reflection of a vision and thought that represents the complete opposite of socialist ideas.
The new Pope of the Catholic Church, Robert Francis Prevost, an American national, served as a missionary in Peru and currently holds the position of prefect of the Dicastery for Bishops. However, an interesting aspect is the choice of his name, Leo XIV, based on Leo XIII.
The name Leo has a long tradition among pontiffs, symbolizing vigor, leadership, and defense of the faith, essential attributes for those who assume the throne of Peter.
One of the most notable popes with that name was Leo XIII (Vincenzo Gioacchino Raffaele Luigi Pecci, 1810–1903), who led the Church as its 256th Pope between 1878 and 1903. Recognized for his intellectual character and reformist spirit, he was a pioneer in addressing social issues and contemporary politics.
He succeeded Pius IX at a time marked by conflicts between the Church and the emerging modern states, especially after the loss of the Papal States in 1870. His decision to call himself Leo—a name not used since the 16th century—evoked the strength of Leo I, also called "the Great."
His encyclical Rerum Novarum (1891) is considered the foundation of the Church's social doctrine. In it, he addressed topics such as society, private property, and expressed his strong rejection of socialism.
