SCIENCE

Scientific breakthrough: they manage to reactivate activity in mouse brains after freezing them

Scientific breakthrough: they manage to reactivate activity in mouse brains after freezing them
Science manages to reactivate brain activity after freezing
porEditorial Team
Argentina

A study published in PNAS succeeded in reactivating functions in brain tissue from frozen mice.


A group of scientists achieved a key breakthrough in the field of brain cryopreservation. For the first time, researchers were able to restore some of the activity in the brain tissue of frozen mice

.

As reported in the scientific journal Nature, the study shows that certain neural processes can recover after deep freezing. Although it is still far from the “cryosleep” ideas of science fiction, the finding opens up new possibilities for medicine

.
A group of scientists achieved a key breakthrough in the field of brain cryopreservation
A group of scientists achieved a key breakthrough in the field of brain cryopreservation

A step closer to preserving the human brain

The idea of freezing a person to wake them up in the future is a science fiction classic. However, science is only now beginning to get closer to understanding how to preserve and recover brain tissue activity.

Until now, different studies had shown that neural cells could survive freezing. The problem was that, after defrosting them, it was not possible to fully recover key brain processes

.

Among them are:

  • The electrical activity of neurons.

  • Cellular metabolism.

  • Brain plasticity, essential for learning and memory.

  • A step closer to preserving the human brain
    A step closer to preserving the human brain

    The new study managed to maintain some of these functions after the freezing and thawing process

    .

    The experiment that reactivated frozen mouse brains

    The research was carried out by a team of scientists in Germany and was published on March 3 in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. The work was led by neurologist Alexander German, from the University of Erlangen-Nuremberg.

    The experiment that reactivated frozen mouse brains
    The experiment that reactivated frozen mouse brains

    The researchers used a technique known as vitrification, a method that allows tissues to be frozen without ice crystals forming

    .

    During the experiment, the scientists worked with mouse brain fragments approximately 350 micrometers thick. These samples included the hippocampus, a key brain region linked to memory and spatial orientation

    .

    How they froze and thawed brain tissue The

    procedure included several carefully controlled steps:

    • Pre-treatment of the tissue

    • with cryoprotective substances.
    • Rapid cooling with liquid nitrogen at −196 °C.

  • Storage in a vitrified state at −150 °C.

  • How they froze and thawed brain tissue
    How they froze and thawed brain tissue

    The samples were frozen for ten minutes to seven days. The scientists then thawed the tissue in warm solutions to test if it still retained

    biological activity.

    What brain functions were able to recover

    After the thawing process, researchers saw encouraging signs. Microscopic analyses showed that the neuronal and synaptic membranes

    were still intact.
    What brain functions were able to recover
    What brain functions were able to recover

    In addition, the tests detected normal activity in the mitochondria, indicating that cellular metabolism had not

    been seriously damaged. The

    electrical measurements also showed that the neurons responded to stimuli in a way that was close to normal. Even long-term potentiation, a synaptic mechanism related to learning and memory, was observed

    .

    Why it's so hard to freeze a brain

    One of the main problems with freezing brain tissue is the formation of ice crystals

    .
    Why is it so hard to freeze a brain
    Why is it so hard to freeze a brain

    These structures can damage the delicate architecture of the brain, puncturing or displacing fundamental cellular structures. As

    Alexander German explained, there are also other important challenges:
    • Osmotic stress during the freezing process.

    • Toxicity caused by cryoprotective substances.

  • Alterations in the microscopic structure of the tissue.

  • The vitrification technique attempts to avoid this problem by freezing the liquid so quickly that the molecules are trapped in a glass-like state.


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