What does the 3,200-year-old tablet found on the Mount of Curses in Israel say?

What does the 3,200-year-old tablet found on the Mount of Curses in Israel say?
The oldest Hebrew inscription revealed: what the Ebal tablet says
porEditorial Team
Argentina

The tablet found on Mount Ebal may contain the oldest Hebrew inscription and an early mention of God

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An international team of archaeologists, led by Dr. Scott Stripling, claims to have found a lead tablet with a Hebrew inscription that could completely change what is known about the earliest biblical texts. The discovery would not only be thousands of years old, but would also contain one of the earliest written mentions of the name of God.

The piece, tiny (just 2.5 centimeters [0.98 inches]), was located during the review of materials extracted from ancient excavations. However, its size contrasts with its significance: it could be the oldest Hebrew text discovered to date, according to the researchers.

Un equipo internacional de arqueólogos aseguró haber encontrado una tablilla de plomo con una inscripción en hebreo
Un equipo internacional de arqueólogos aseguró haber encontrado una tablilla de plomo con una inscripción en hebreo

Where the tablet appeared and why it is key

The inscription was identified among the sediments at the site known as the "Joshua's altar", located on Mount Ebal, north of Nablus. That structure had been excavated in the 1980s by archaeologist Adam Zertal, and is mentioned in Deuteronomy as a place of sacrifices and cursing.

The site, revered by Jews and Christians, is associated with the earliest Israelite settlements in Canaan, around the 11th or 12th century BCE.

A dating that surprises

According to the first geological analyses, the tablet would date to the year 1200 BCE. Furthermore, the lead used would match the material extracted from Greek mines active during that period.

El “altar de Josué”, ubicado en el Monte Ebal
El “altar de Josué”, ubicado en el Monte Ebal

But the most striking aspect is the text engraved inside. The scan carried out by specialists such as Pieter Gert van der Veen (Johannes Gutenberg University) and Gershon Galil (University of Haifa) made it possible to identify 40 proto-alphabetic letters in early Proto-Canaanite.

What does the inscription say?

The message would have a direct connection with what is described in the biblical passage of Deuteronomy 11:29, which mentions Mount Gerizim for blessing and Mount Ebal for cursing. According to the archaeologists, the text of the tablet expresses a clear warning:

"Cursed, cursed, cursed, cursed by the God Yahweh".


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